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Meds That Treat Anxiety

Anxiety is one of the most frequent mental health issues that affects 40 million adults in the United States. It is extremely treatable, and there are various types of medication available.

SSRIs (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) and SNRIs (serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors), like Zoloft, Prozac, Lexapro and Effexor, work to alleviate anxiety by raising levels of the chemical serotonin in the brain. Unlike benzodiazepines, they're not addictive.

SSRIs

The most common anxiety medications are selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) like citalopram (Celexa), escitalopram (Lexapro) and fluoxetine (Prozac). These medications can also be used to treat depression and relieve symptoms of anxiety disorders, such as obsessive compulsive disorder. They may take up to a month before they begin working.

These drugs work by boosting the production of certain chemical messengers in the brain, such as serotonin and norepinephrine. These medications are typically the first choice for treating anxiety, but doctors can also prescribe other kinds of antidepressants or benzodiazepines.

Antidepressants such as duloxetine, (Cymbalta) and venlafaxine (Effexor) are also used for anxiety. They function a bit differently than SSRIs because they reduce the reabsorption of norepinephrine and serotonin, although at lower levels than SSRIs. They may take some time to start taking effects, and also are more expensive than SSRIs.

Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) such as imipramine (Tofranil) can be effective in treating certain anxiety disorders, particularly GAD. However their drowsiness and other adverse reactions make them less well-known. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) are another kind of antidepressant that can be used to treat anxiety. They are a high risk of toxicity and the restriction on dietary intake make them unsuitable for use.

Benzodiazepines are often used to treat anxiety and panic attacks in the short-term, such as when waiting for SSRIs or SNRIs to take effect. These medications can cause tolerance and addiction, sedation and apathy and withdrawal reactions that can cause rebound depression, anxiety, and even delirium. Benzodiazepines are typically found in alprazolam as well as clonazepam and lorazepam.

Therapy is a crucial component of any anxiety treatment plan. It aids you in better be aware of your symptoms and reasons. Many people discover that medication and therapy both help them cope. Some studies suggest that cognitive behavior therapy is as effective as medication for anxiety. Talk with your doctor about your options and which is the best option for you.

Benzodiazepines

Benzodiazepines have an calming effect, reduce anxiety and relax muscles that are tense. They also ease symptoms of bodily arousal related to fear (like heart rate and trembling) and help promote sleep.

They work by binding inhibitory neurons, like GABA or gamma aminobutryic acids, at receptors within the central nervous system. They enhance the effects of GABA by facilitating its inhibitory effect on other neurotransmitters while reducing the number of messages sent to the amygdala, a region of the brain that detects threats and creates the feeling of fear.

These medications are typically used for short periods like an attack of panic or a severe anxiety attack. They can help relieve symptoms in 30 to 60 minutes. In contrast to SSRIs they don't stay in the body for very long. They are fast-acting and often take effect in just a couple of hours, which makes them ideal for situations when quick relief is needed (like on a plane flight or before giving an address in public).

They are addictive, which is why people are generally only prescribed them for a maximum of 4 weeks at a time. They also lose effectiveness after a certain period of time.

One of the main reasons why benzodiazepines are so popular is that they are effective and have fewer adverse effects when compared to their predecessors, such as barbiturates or meprobamate. They have a rapid onset of action and are very effective as anxiolytics (anti-anxiety treatment without drugs), sedatives and anticonvulsants and as muscle relaxants.

Benzos were blamed for the negative attitudes towards anxiety that developed in the 1970s and 1980s, including the minimization of the disorder, and the perception that benzodiazepine New Treatments For Anxiety result in physical dependence. However they play a crucial role in the treatment of anxiety treatment symptoms disorders, especially in conjunction with psychosocial interventions like cognitive behavioral therapy and interpersonal therapy.

Benzos can interact with other medications and trigger unwanted side effects, such as drowsiness or confusion. It is important to inform your doctor know about any other prescription, non-prescription or herbal medications you are considering or taking. You can find out which medications are safe to take along with benzodiazepines by looking up the British National Formulary A-Z list of drug interactions.

Antidepressants

Antidepressants can ease anxiety and other mental health issues. According to the Anxiety and Depression Association of America, antidepressants -- like SSRIs and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) -- can help reduce chronic anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), panic disorders and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). The FDA has approved several antidepressants to treat other conditions, too, such as eating disorders, certain types of pain and bipolar disorder.

Most doctors recommend SSRIs as the first-line treatment for anxiety, but these drugs may not be suitable for all people. If these antidepressants aren't working the doctor might suggest an older form of medication known as a tetracyclic or tricyclic antidepressant. These include amitriptyline, nortriptyline, clomipramine and trimipramine, dothiepin, doxepin or imipramine. They're less common than newer antidepressants but are still readily available. Your doctor may prescribe the sedating antidepressant trazodone (Desyrel) at lower doses to treat anxiety or insomnia.

Nefazodone, also referred to as Ferdinand (Cymbalta), and duloxetine can also be useful. These drugs are also available in generic forms. If they don't help your doctor, he may suggest the antipsychotics quetiapine or olanzapine or the sedating antidepressant Mirtazapine.

Beta blockers are used to treat other anxiety disorders. They reduce blood pressure and heart rate by blocking adrenaline. These drugs are not usually used to treat anxiety on their own, but they can be effective when used in conjunction with psychotherapy.

Psychological therapy can help you overcome negative thoughts and behaviours that contribute to your anxiety. It can teach you to control your anxiety and learn coping skills. Depending on your condition, you might be treated with exposure or cognitive behavioural therapy. Cognitive behavioral therapy helps you to overcome negative and fearful thoughts and overcome your fear of situations that trigger anxiety. The process involves increasing the level of anxiety-inducing situations until they can be managed. It can be done in a group or on your own. In both instances it takes time to achieve results. A combination of medications and psychological therapy is the best option for some individuals. Some people find that taking medication alone is sufficient to treat symptoms. Inform your doctor about how to treat anxiety disorder naturally you manage your symptoms.

Other Medical Treatments

Other drugs can also help relieve your symptoms. Beta blockers and antihistamines are sometimes prescribed to relieve anxiety.

These drugs can help you alleviate your symptoms by reducing or blocking the signals that cause anxiety and stress. They're not a panacea. You will still need to do things to control anxiety, like exercises relaxation techniques, relaxation techniques and psychotherapy.

Your doctor could initially prescribe one of the "first first" anxiety medications, which are SSRIs and SNRIs. These are the most effective drugs for treating anxiety disorders, according to research studies. SSRIs are commonly found in sertraline (Zoloft) as well as fluoxetine, citalopram, and escitalopram. These medications may have mild side effects, like insomnia or nausea, however they usually subside within 4-8 weeks. Unlike the benzodiazepines, they're not addictive and don't increase the risk of suicidal thoughts.

The benzodiazepines alprazolam (Xanax), clonazepam (Klonopin) and diazepoxide (Valium) offer immediate relief from panic attacks and anxiety, but they can have adverse effects, such as dizziness, drowsiness, memory and coordination problems, and dependence. These medications are less well-known than older barbiturates, however they are equally effective.

Antihistamines, like Vistaril (hydroxyzine) are developed to relieve allergies however, they're also used to reduce anxiety symptoms. Hydroxyzine block histamine receptors within the brain, and can trigger a calming effect. It is not a controlled substance and therefore doesn't have the same risks of addiction as benzodiazepines.

Anticonvulsants are a different type of medication which can be used to treat anxiety. They have been shown to decrease anxiety by interfering in the production and release of dopamine and sérotonin. They can be prescribed in conjunction with other medications or as a short-term treatment for anxiety. Your doctor will evaluate your health history and symptoms to determine if these drugs are appropriate for you. They will also discuss the duration of time you should take these medicines and any potential side effects that may occur. Anxiety medications are only available through prescription, and you'll need a psychiatrist to prescribe it.