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However, there are some researchers with licences to study class A drugs conducting research into the possible medical uses of magic mushrooms. This means that purchasing magic mushrooms carries the risk of ingesting a range of other drugs, some of which may carry the very real risk of a fatal overdose or bad reaction. If you're worried about the authenticity of a psilocybin mushroom, it's better to not risk ingesting it. This page will go over the effects of psilocybin mushrooms, the risks of use, addiction potential and how to get help if you or a loved one is struggling with addiction. The effects of shrooms can vary greatly from person to person and are influenced by factors such as dosage, environment, and mental state. These effects can range from mild sensory alterations to intense hallucinations and emotional upheaval often referred to as a "bad trip".

Other concerns include potential increases in psychedelic-related emergencies, such as emergency department visits for "bad trips." However, emergency department visits tend to be rare for LSD and psilocybin, though more common for MDMA. In states where psilocybin mushrooms are illegal, possession, sale, or distribution of psilocybin can carry a minimum of one year in jail and up to $1,000 in fines. Magic mushrooms are the safest "recreational" drug to take and those who take them are the most sensible and well prepared, Punch Bar Cream according to the 2017 Global Drug Survey. Out of almost 10,000 people who took them, only 0.2% needed emergency medical treatment.

And Alberta, in early 2023, implemented a framework for regulating and licensing some health care providers to administer some psychedelics for mental health treatment. "Magic mushrooms are the cheapest source of psilocybin and may fill a niche in natural drug development," McTaggart says. "There is yet more to understand about how magic mushrooms produce other compounds that may impact a psilocybin experience, and this will be an exciting area of research to watch unfold." And unlike most prescribed medications, which stop working soon after patients quit taking them, one or two treatments of psilocybin can have lasting effects of six months, a year, or even longer, according to one Johns Hopkins study.

Their research is about studying and describing what happens at the molecular level when psilocin meets a brain cell, penetrates its membrane, and binds to receptors. The most common negative side effect of psilocybin is the potential for a "bad trip," Johnson said. High doses of psilocybin can cause overwhelming feelings of anxiety, fear and confusion that can lead to dangerous behavior if not used under medical supervision. Even people without preexisting mental health problems might experience increased panic attacks after taking magic mushrooms.

Mushrooms containing psilocin or psilocybin (e.g liberty caps) were brought under the Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 and are designated as Class A drugs. There was a loophole in the Misuse of Drugs Act allowing the sale of fresh mushrooms online and in shops until the Drugs Act 2005 amended the act to state that magic mushrooms are banned regardless of whether they are dried, packaged or fresh. However, Dr. Weinstein pointed out that there has been no research-based evidence that mushrooms, or other psychedelic drugs, are considered to be addictive physically or psychologically.

Three weeks later, the researchers rated the patients' depression using the Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS), a common clinician-administered test used to rate depression, which ranges form 0 to 60. They found those given 25 mg of the psilocybin dropped an average of 12 points on the scale. Those given 10 mg dropped 7.9 points, and the control group given 1 mg dropped 5.4 points. For the study, participants received either a 25 mg, 10 mg or 1mg dose, which was the control group. Levine said all of the patients took the doses in the presence of a therapist.